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The statistically important determining factor of a success research of the program is however its last productivity.The key to this determining factor is the "knowledge capital" 66 William S. Comanor, that by the program as organizational unit as well as the abilities is accumulated and experience of the individual scientists. . The primary advantage of the size [ therefore ] become the ability to use internal return to the range - particularly the ability to use the internal overflowing of the knowledge - instead of each possible economy of the scale per SE. . [ in addition, ] the use of overflowing can be carried out, only by taking oneself the costs on maintaining "from of receptiveness" - the ability to take new overflowing prisoner." (1999, pp. 323-324) the scientific lower surface of the enterprise and the knowledge capital, which is acquired by this lower surface, struggles it, controls all simple economic systems either the range or the scale, if they determine success or results the research and the development of an enterprise of the process. Range and scale through are less important than the knowledge capital, which is accumulated by the enterprise. Singular contributions ofHenderson and the Cockburn develop in the part of the modem, them in the situation ge$$$WESEN are to be acquired. While earlier studies used the enterprise than the observation unit, they examined research of the project within the enterprise for the level and in so do, presupposed rich views, which were not existing earlier. A measure of the increasing decay pharmaceutical R&D is to be led the increasing use the contract research organizations (CROs) clinical attempts of the new drugs. Up to 1999 was 23% of attempts outsourced to CROs (Azoulay 2004, pp. 1593, 1600). Generally the datamore intensive projects are outsourced, during knowledge-intensive projects more frequently within the pharmaceutical companies (P. 1592) to be taken up. V. Productivity and costs are there two possibilities of approaching the question of the productivity function and the cost function, which are natural, doubled of another and from the economic literature employ both. Excluded into by verses circumstances have concerning the summaries are direct implications for the other one. This basic rule applies to the research costs and on research productivity. The increasing research costs of the new drugs are connected directly with the sloping productivity pharmaceutical R&D. An important characteristic of the pharmaceutical research in the last decades is despite the substantial scientific remarks, which arose and which are communicated in the increasing use of biotechnology to new drug development, the rate production of the new product was rather constant (Scherer 2000; Cockburn 2004). Since Cockburn confirms however ", counting pulses of the new molecular natures (NMEs) are a loud measure. On average over the long designation, these numbers were remarkably constant,